1.创建模块

odoo提供scaffold命令用来快速创建模块:

odoo scaffold <module name> <module directory> 

2.模块控制器

打开module name文件夹，如mymodules/academy ，编辑controllers/controllers.py，在init.py进行导入

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from odoo import httpclass Academy(http.Controller): @http.route('/academy/academy/', auth='public') def index(self, **kw): return "Hello, world" 

保存，重启odoo，此处如果模块文件夹不是默认，执行的时候需要指定addon目录(当前路径相对路径或绝对路径）：

odoo --addons-path addons,mymodules 

在开发者模式下更新应用列表，在设置-应用右上角搜索栏中搜索academy(需去掉应用过滤）安装
，安装完成后在浏览器输入 localhost:8069/academy/academy即可看到简单的hello word页面了

3.自定义模板

odoo自己开发了一套QWeb模板引擎，修改controller让它加载自定义模板：

class Academy(http.Controller): @http.route('/academy/academy/', auth='public') def index(self, **kw): return http.request.render('academy.index', { 'teachers': ["Diana Padilla", "Jody Caroll", "Lester Vaughn"], }) 

然后编辑template.xml，此模板在manifest.py中配置到data中加载：

<odoo> <data> <template id="index"> <title>Academy</title> <t t-foreach="teachers" t-as="teacher"> <p><t t-esc="teacher"/></p> </t> </template> </data> </odoo> 

此模板将teachers循环输出，重启odoo服务，找到academy点击升级，刷新localhost:8069/academy/academy页面会显示新的内容了

4.数据保存

• 模型定义

编辑models/models.py

class Teachers(models.Model): _name = 'academy.teachers'name = fields.Char() 

编辑security/ir.model.access.csv并加入manifest.py

id,name,model_id:id,group_id:id,perm_read,perm_write,perm_create,perm_unlink access_academy_teachers,access_academy_teachers,model_academy_teachers,,1,0,0,0 

此处即设置数据为对所有用户只读

所有xml和csv文件都需要在manifest内进行引入，controller和module文件需要在init内进入导入

• 测试数据,编辑demo.xml

<odoo> <data> <record id="padilla" model="academy.teachers"> <field name="name">Diana Padilla</field> </record> <record id="carroll" model="academy.teachers"> <field name="name">Jody Carroll</field> </record> <record id="vaughn" model="academy.teachers"> <field name="name">Lester Vaughn</field> </record> </data> </odoo> 

• 数据读取
  修改controllers.py

class Academy(http.Controller): @http.route('/academy/academy/', auth='public') def index(self, **kw): Teachers = http.request.env['academy.teachers'] return http.request.render('academy.index', { 'teachers': Teachers.search([]) }) 

修改templates.xml

<template id="index"> <title>Academy</title> <t t-foreach="teachers" t-as="teacher"> <p><t t-esc="teacher.id"/> <t t-esc="teacher.name"/></p> </t> </template> 

重启odoo服务，升级academy（升级时会自动创建数据表，导入测试数据），重新打开localhost:8069/academy/academy 此时展现的数据就是数据库读取出来的了

5.模块用于网站

odoo提供了一个用于建立网站的模块，接下来测试academy用于网站中

• 在manifest中将模块定义为website:
  'depends': ['website']
• 在controller中指定为website：

class Academy(http.Controller): @http.route('/academy/academy/', auth='public', website=True) 

• 在模板中添加website layout

<template id="index"> <t t-call="website.layout"> <t t-set="title">Academy</t> <div class="oe_structure"> <div class="container"> <t t-foreach="teachers" t-as="teacher"> <p><t t-esc="teacher.id"/> <t t-esc="teacher.name"/></p> </t> </div> </div> </t> </template> 

重启odoo并更新模块（加载template和manifest），重新进入academy页面，页面已经用了网站前端的布局

6.链接和路由

在controller中通过route()装饰器来处理请求，除了标准的URL之外，还可以接受参数型url，例：

 @http.route('/academy/<name>/', auth='public', website=True) def teacher(self, name): return '<h1>{}</h1>'.format(name)@http.route('/academy/<int:id>/', auth='public', website=True) def teacher_id(self, id): return '<h1>{} ({})</h1>'.format(id, type(id).__name__)

重启odoo，浏览器进入academy/test和academy/1 所显示出来的页面是不一样的，odoo还支持使用数据模型做参数

#controllers.py @http.route('/academy/<model("academy.teachers"):teacher>/', auth='public', website=True) def teacher(self, teacher): return http.request.render('academy.biography', { 'person': teacher })#template.xml <template id="biography"> <t t-call="website.layout"> <t t-set="title">Academy</t> <div class="oe_structure"/> <div class="oe_structure"> <div class="container"> <p><t t-esc="person.id"/> <t t-esc="person.name"/></p> </div> </div> <div class="oe_structure"/> </t> </template> 

重启odoo并升级模块，输入academy/1 查看效果

7.使模块在菜单栏可见

默认情况下，新建的模块对用户来说是不可见的，需要创建一个菜单用户才能在页面中看到

#view.xml<!-- 默认列表 --> <record id="action_academy_teachers" model="ir.actions.act_window"> <field name="name">Academy teachers</field> <field name="res_model">academy.teachers</field> </record><!-- 单条数据视图 --><record id="academy_teacher_form" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy teachers: form</field> <field name="model">academy.teachers</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <form> <sheet> <label for="name"/> <field name="name"/> <label for="biography"/> <field name="biography"/> </sheet> </form> </field> </record><!-- 菜单 --> <menuitem sequence="0" id="menu_academy" name="Academy"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content" parent="menu_academy" name="Academy Content"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content_teachers" parent="menu_academy_content" action="action_academy_teachers"/>

重启odoo并更新模块，菜单会有academy入口了，默认会展现一个列表，点进去可编辑

8.数据模型相互关联

建立一个课程表模型，每个课程需要有一个老师，课程表就需要有一个老师ID的字段来进行关联，需要建立一个一对多的关系

#models.py 添加 class Teachers(models.Model): _name = 'academy.teachers'name = fields.Char() biography = fields.Html()course_ids = fields.One2many('academy.courses', 'teacher_id', string="Courses")class Courses(models.Model): _name = 'academy.courses'name = fields.Char() teacher_id = fields.Many2one('academy.teachers', string="Teacher")#ir.model.access.csv 添加 access_academy_courses,access_academy_courses,model_academy_courses,,1,0,0,0#view.xml 更新 <!-- 单条数据视图 --><record id="academy_teacher_form" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy teachers: form</field> <field name="model">academy.teachers</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <form> <sheet> <label for="name"/> <field name="name"/><label for="biography"/> <field name="biography"/><field name="course_ids"> <tree string="Courses" editable="bottom"> <field name="name"/> </tree> </field> </sheet> </form> </field> </record> <!-- 课程视图 --> <record id="action_academy_courses" model="ir.actions.act_window"> <field name="name">Academy courses</field> <field name="res_model">academy.courses</field> </record> <record id="academy_course_search" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy courses: search</field> <field name="model">academy.courses</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <search> <field name="name"/> <field name="teacher_id"/> </search> </field> </record> <record id="academy_course_list" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy courses: list</field> <field name="model">academy.courses</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <tree string="Courses"> <field name="name"/> <field name="teacher_id"/> </tree> </field> </record> <record id="academy_course_form" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy courses: form</field> <field name="model">academy.courses</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <form> <sheet> <label for="name"/> <field name="name"/> <label for="teacher_id"/> <field name="teacher_id"/> </sheet> </form> </field> </record><!-- 菜单 --> <menuitem sequence="0" id="menu_academy" name="Academy"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content" parent="menu_academy" name="Academy Content"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content_courses" parent="menu_academy_content" action="action_academy_courses"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content_teachers" parent="menu_academy_content" action="action_academy_teachers"/> 

此时重启odoo并更新模块，进入academy，点击菜单的course，看看会有什么

9.odoo聊天系统

odoo自带聊天系统，只需要在models里引入mail.thread，添加messageid到表单中即可，下面为课程添加讨论功能

#__manifest__.py'depends': ['base','mail'],#models.py class Courses(models.Model): _name = 'academy.courses' _inherit = 'mail.thread'name = fields.Char() teacher_id = fields.Many2one('academy.teachers', string="Teacher")#views.xml <form> <sheet> <label for="name"/> <field name="name"/> <label for="teacher_id"/> <field name="teacher_id"/> </sheet> <div class="oe_chatter"> <field name="message_follower_ids" widget="mail_followers"/> <field name="message_ids" widget="mail_thread"/> </div> </form> 

10.odoo交易功能

odoo提供了website_sales的交易模块，只需要做简单的修改就可以实现商品发布(安装电子商务模块)

#__manifest__.py 'depends': ['website_sale'],'data': [ 'security/ir.model.access.csv', 'views/views.xml', 'views/templates.xml', 'data/data.xml' #此处为新增 ],#data/data.xml 新增 <odoo> <data> <record model="product.public.category" id="category_courses"> <field name="name">Courses</field> <field name="parent_id" ref=""/> </record> </data> </odoo>#demo.xml <record id="padilla" model="academy.teachers"> <field name="name">老师1号</field> </record> <record id="course0" model="product.template"> <field name="name">Course 0</field> <field name="teacher_id" ref="padilla"/> <field name="public_categ_ids" eval="[(4, ref('academy.category_courses'), False)]"/> <field name="website_published">True</field> <field name="list_price" type="float">0</field> <field name="type">service</field> </record> <record id="course1" model="product.template"> <field name="name">Course 1</field> <field name="teacher_id" ref="padilla"/> <field name="public_categ_ids" eval="[(4, ref('academy.category_courses'), False)]"/> <field name="website_published">True</field> <field name="list_price" type="float">0</field> <field name="type">service</field> </record> <record id="course2" model="product.template"> <field name="name">Course 2</field> <field name="teacher_id" ref="vaughn"/> <field name="public_categ_ids" eval="[(4, ref('academy.category_courses'), False)]"/> <field name="website_published">True</field> <field name="list_price" type="float">0</field> <field name="type">service</field> </record>#models.py class Teachers(models.Model): _name = 'academy.teachers'name = fields.Char() biography = fields.Html()course_ids = fields.One2many('product.template', 'teacher_id', string="Courses")class Courses(models.Model): _inherit = 'product.template'name = fields.Char() teacher_id = fields.Many2one('academy.teachers', string="Teacher")#ir.model.access.csv id,name,model_id:id,group_id:id,perm_read,perm_write,perm_create,perm_unlink access_academy_teachers,access_academy_teachers,model_academy_teachers,,1,0,0,0#views.xml 去掉前面步骤创建的课程视图 <!-- 单条数据视图 -->= <record id="academy_teacher_form" model="ir.ui.view"> <field name="name">Academy teachers: form</field> <field name="model">academy.teachers</field> <field name="arch" type="xml"> <form> <sheet> <label for="name"/> <field name="name"/><label for="biography"/> <field name="biography"/><field name="course_ids"> <tree string="Courses" editable="bottom"> <field name="name"/> </tree> </field> </sheet> </form> </field> </record> <menuitem sequence="0" id="menu_academy" name="Academy"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content" parent="menu_academy" name="Academy Content"/> <menuitem id="menu_academy_content_teachers" parent="menu_academy_content" />

重启odoo，打开网站-商店，发现有添加的课程了

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